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Ruben Verborgh

Triple Pattern Fragments: a Low-cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the Web

Ruben Verborgh, Miel Vander Sande, Olaf Hartig, Joachim Van Herwegen, Laurens De Vocht, Ben De Meester, Gerald Haesendonck, and Pieter Colpaert

Billions of Linked Data triples exist in thousands of RDF knowledge graphs on the Web, but few of those graphs can be queried live from Web applications. Only a limited number of knowledge graphs are available in a queryable interface, and existing interfaces can be expensive to host at high availability. To mitigate this shortage of live queryable Linked Data, we designed a low-cost Triple Pattern Fragments interface for servers, and a client-side algorithm that evaluates SPARQL queries against this interface. This article describes the Linked Data Fragments framework to analyze Web interfaces to Linked Data and uses this framework as a basis to define Triple Pattern Fragments. We describe client-side querying for single knowledge graphs and federations thereof. Our evaluation verifies that this technique reduces server load and increases caching effectiveness, which leads to lower costs to maintain high server availability. These benefits come at the expense of increased bandwidth and slower, but more stable query execution times. These results substantiate the claim that lightweight interfaces can lower the cost for knowledge publishers compared to more expressive endpoints, while enabling applications to query the publishers’ data with the necessary reliability.

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Published in 2016 in Journal of Web Semantics.

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Cite this article easily using its BibTeX entry: 

@article{verborgh_jws_2016,
  title = {{Triple Pattern Fragments:} a Low-cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the {Web}},
  author = {Verborgh, Ruben and Vander Sande, Miel and Hartig, Olaf and Van Herwegen, Joachim and De Vocht, Laurens and De Meester, Ben and Haesendonck, Gerald and Colpaert, Pieter},
  journal = {Journal of Web Semantics},
  month = mar,
  year = 2016,
  volume = {37--38},
  pages = {184--206},
  issn = {1570-8268},
  doi = {10.1016/j.websem.2016.03.003},
  url = {https://linkeddatafragments.org/publications/jws2016.pdf},
}

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ACM
Ruben Verborgh, Miel Vander Sande, Olaf Hartig, Joachim Van Herwegen, Laurens De Vocht, Ben De Meester, Gerald Haesendonck, and Pieter Colpaert. 2016. Triple Pattern Fragments: a Low-cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the Web. Journal of Web Semantics 37–38, (March 2016), 184–206.
APA
Verborgh, R., Vander Sande, M., Hartig, O., Van Herwegen, J., De Vocht, L., De Meester, B., Haesendonck, G., & Colpaert, P. (2016). Triple Pattern Fragments: a Low-cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the Web. Journal of Web Semantics, 37–38, 184–206.
IEEE
R. Verborgh et al., “Triple Pattern Fragments: a Low-cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the Web,” Journal of Web Semantics, vol. 37–38, pp. 184–206, Mar. 2016.
LNCS
Verborgh, R., Vander Sande, M., Hartig, O., Van Herwegen, J., De Vocht, L., De Meester, B., Haesendonck, G., Colpaert, P.: Triple Pattern Fragments: a Low-cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the Web. Journal of Web Semantics. 37–38, 184–206 (2016).
MLA
Verborgh, Ruben, et al. “Triple Pattern Fragments: a Low-Cost Knowledge Graph Interface for the Web.” Journal of Web Semantics, vol. 37–38, Mar. 2016, pp. 184–206.

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